Comparing perceptions of the important environmental characteristics of the places people engage in consumptive,non-consumptive and spiritual activities

Managers, risk assessors, tribal leaders, public policy makers, and the public are increasingly interested in the characteristics of natural habitats where people like to engage in recreational, subsistence, or spiritual activities. Such data are critical for making decisions about human and ecological risk deriving from contaminants, as well as resource protection and land use. In this study we examined the perceptions of Native Americans and Caucasians about the natural places they prefer to engage in consumptive, non-consumptive, and spiritual activities which might expose them to contamination or other stressors. Subjects were interviewed at Post Falls and Fort Hall in Idaho, Cookeville in Tennessee, and at two sites in Long Island, New York, and northern New Jersey. Our objectives were to determine differences in perceptions as a function of category of activity, type of activity, location, and ethnicity. The data indicate that: (1) the highest rated characteristics were unpolluted water, lack of radionuclides that present a health risk, clean air, and no visible smog in the air; (2) all four were among the top-rated ones for each of the four sites; (3) all four were among the top-rated ones for places to perform consumptive, non-consumptive, and spiritual activities; (4) at each site, mean ratings were lowest for spiritual activities; (5) where there were differences, Native Americans rated all characteristics as more important than did Caucasians; and (6) where there were differences, ratings in New Jersey/New York were lower than those from respondents elsewhere. There are many statistically significant response differences between Native Americans and Caucasians, but overall one is impressed by the similarity in relative rankings. These perceptions will be helpful to risk assessors and risk managers in evaluating risk and potential solutions, to land managers for managing environmental resources, and to public policy managers for evaluating how people view natural environments.     

企业技术创新与政府补贴行为间关系的实证研究——基于创业板上市公司的经验证据

以我国创业板上市公司为研究样本,探讨了企业技术创新对政府未来补贴的影响。实证检验结果显示:我国创业板上市公司的创新活动与政府未来补贴力度不显著相关,而创新绩效与政府未来补贴力度显著正相关,即创新绩效越好的企业越能获得更多的政府未来补贴。最后指出提高企业的创新能力进而获取更好的创新绩效才是企业长久的生存之计。     

Does the opening of high-speed rail enhance urban entrepreneurial activity? Evidence from China

Entrepreneurship plays a critical role in contributing to the realization of full employment in all countries around the world. By improving the efficiency of the flow of production factors, high-speed rail (HSR) has an important impact on regional economic development. However, little is known about whether HSR has improved urban entrepreneurial activity. This paper takes the opening of HSR as a quasi-natural experiment and constructs a difference-in-differences (DID) model, using panel data on 284 prefecture-level cities in China for the period from 2005 to 2019, to systematically evaluate the impact of HSR openings on urban entrepreneurial activity. We find that the opening of HSR has increased the urban entrepreneurial activity, and that this effect is more obvious in cities at high administrative levels, with locational advantages, and highly developed economies, including service industries. HSR can enhance urban entrepreneurial activity by improving the level of talent aggregation and venture capital. These findings provide fresh perspectives on the connection between HSR and urban entrepreneurial activity.     

Patents,R&;D and lag effects: evidence from flexible methods for count panel data on manufacturing firms

This paper investigates the relationship between patents and research and development expenditures using new longitudinal patent data at the firm level for the U.S. manufacturing sector from 1982 to 1992. The paper also develops a new class of count panel data models based on series expansion of the distribution of individual effects. Estimation results from various distributed lag and dynamic multiplicative panel count data models show that the contemporaneous relationship between patenting and R&D expenditures continues to be strong, accounting for over 60% of the total R&D elasticity. The lag effects are higher than have previously been found for the 1970s data. We would like to thank Chris Bollinger, Bronwyn Hall and Paula Stephan for useful comments on the previous version of the paper. Earlier versions were presented at the 11th International Conference on Panel Data, Texas A&M University, the Midwest Econometrics Group Meeting, and the Annual Conference of the Southern Economic Association.     

基于价值链的生态产业链构建及对策研究

生态产业是本世纪产业发展的一种新型模式。构建生态产业链,发展生态产业是实施循环经济,促进全球经济模式由线性经济向生态型经济转变的有效途径。本文以产业生态学的思想为基础,针对目前生态产业链在实践中所面临的问题,运用价值链的理论框架分析生态产业链,将生态价值融入经济价值中,提出了构建生态产业链的对策建议,从而为我国的产业生态化建设和循环经济发展提供理论参考。     

日本的R&D税收抵免制度及对我国的启示

日本是较早实施RD税收激励的国家,本文通过对日本RD税收抵免制度发展历程、RD活动及RD费用界定、税收激励的主要内容、RD支出的财税处理等进行解析,试图为我国RD税收抵免制度的完善提供可借鉴的经验。     

陕西民办高校大学生创业活动行业分布调查分析

创业既是解决民办高校毕业生就业问题的有效方式,也是实现民办高校毕业生人生理想的选择之一。本文通过对陕西民办高校大学生创业行业分布情况进行了深入调查,用统计软件对数据进行分析并剖析其原因,得出一些启示,希望对陕西民办高校教育有一定的借鉴作用。     

Shadow Funding and Economic Growth: Evidence from China

Using popular liability-side wealth management products in China, we construct an informative measure of shadow funding and shadow credit by extension. This measure reflects the risk appetites of financial intermediaries and their ability to expand their balance sheets through bank–shadow-bank cooperation. Our measure possesses unique predictive power for future economic activity. An increase in the measure corresponds to increases in investment and consumption, which, in turn, reduce financing costs due to improvements in economic development.     

经济活动分析信息化管理的推广应用

项目经济活动分析是一项系统、全面、关联性强的工作,运用信息化技术进行项目管理工作,能够对于项目的经济活动分析工作提供有效的辅助,切实解决数据传递过程中的数据失真,形成横向及纵向联动对比机制,从而实现项目管理动态监控、预警,有效提升项目成本管理水平。     

Innovation in work practices: a practice perspective

Dynamic capability theory argues that organizations' internal capabilities enable sustained competitive advantage. Innovations in work practices (commonly termed ‘high performance’, ‘high commitment’ or ‘high involvement’ practices) are an important source of these internal capabilities but research evidence shows low levels of penetration. Using a practice perspective, case study analysis of 7 establishments in the aerospace sector identifies three themes that are under-attended to in current research on innovations in work practices: industry and production context; distributed nature of management activity, and social embeddedness. Implications for future research are discussed.